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Choline makes a key nutrient available for baby development

Cornell University

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The nutrient choline—shown to have long-term benefits for children whose mothers consume it during pregnancy—also helps the body more efficiently use an omega 3 fatty acid that is essential for foetal brain, cognition and vision development, a new study finds.

Web URL: Read this and related articles on Medical Xpress

FAB RESEARCH COMMENT:

This new study confirms that choline helps the body make more efficient use of the long-chain omega 3 fatty acid DHA - essential for normal vision, cognition and brain development and function.

Clinical trials have already shown that if mothers DO consume enough dietary choline during pregnancy this has long-term benefits for their children’s brain health and cognition. Unfortunately, the vast majority of mothers-to-be DON’T.* 

These latest findings show that choline’s ability to increase the availability of omega-3 DHA helps to explain these benefits.

For the underlying research please see:

And for a summary overview of how these two key brain nutrients work together – and the best dietary sources of each - as well as the clinical trials showing maternal supplementation can benefit children’s cognitive development, see:  

*The main dietary sources of choline are animal foods - particularly liver, and eggs - and although other foods provde some choline, 90% of wmen of children-bearing age fail to meet dietary recomennded intake for choline 


See also:



For further information on this important but neglected topic please see:



18/05/2022 - Medical Xpress

The nutrient choline—shown to have long-term benefits for children whose mothers consume it during pregnancy—also helps the body more efficiently use an omega 3 fatty acid that is essential for fetal brain, cognition and vision development, a new study finds.
 
The study was published May 16 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
 
Once released into the bloodstream, DHA can be delivered into all the tissues, including the placenta.
 
"During pregnancy, mom is primed to get nutrients out of the liver and make them available to the baby, so by supplementing choline and DHA [together], we are increasing DHA bioavailability," said senior author Marie Caudill, professor of nutritional sciences in the Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Kevin Klatt, Ph.D., a research scientist and registered dietitian at the University of California, Berkeley, is the paper's first author.
 
These types of nutrient-nutrient interactions are not new, Caudill said. For example, there are known synergies in the intestines where vitamin D enhances calcium absorption and vitamin C makes iron more available.
 
Caudill and others at Cornell have also shown that high maternal choline intake eases an infant's response to stress, improves information processing and has long-term benefits in sustained attention (as shown in a study that tracked children up to age 7), and in pregnant women, choline reduces a factor that contributes to preeclampsia.
 
In this study, a group of 30 women in gestational weeks 12 to 16 were randomly divided into two groups: One was given 500 milligrams of choline per day, plus 50 milligrams per day of choline labeled with deuterium, so it could be tracked through the body. The other group served as a control and was given 25 milligrams per day of just the labeled choline. All participants were also given a daily 200-milligram DHA supplement, a prenatal vitamin and mineral supplement, and could eat their normal diet. Blood and urine were taken after fasting at the start of the experiment for a baseline, and then during gestational weeks 20-24 and weeks 28-30. Maternal blood and cord blood were also taken at delivery.
 
By tracking the labeled choline, the researchers identified a chemical reaction in which choline donates small molecules called methyl groups that are added to a molecule called phosphatidylethanolamine. Through a biological pathway, phosphatidylethanolamine is converted to a new choline-containing molecule, phosphatidylcholine, which is enriched with DHA. In this form, DHA gets transferred out of the liver and into a mother's bloodstream, where it is available for use in tissues.
 
Future work will help determine if choline's ability to enhance DHA bioavailability is contributing to some of the benefits found when pregnant women supplement choline.
 
"Our results would suggest that choline supplementation may help achieve higher DHA status with lower DHA doses during pregnancy," Klatt said. "Our data points towards choline intake as another significant determinant of the amount of dietary DHA that makes it into tissues in pregnancy."
 
                                                                                                         

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